Homework 5: Advanced Counting Techniques

1. (2 points) An ATM can only dispense $1 bills, $5 bills, and $10 bills.  How many ways are there to withdraw n dollars (given we have described our bases suitably)?

a. F(n) = n*F(n) + (n/5)*F(n) + (n/10)*F(n)

b. F(n) = n*F(n - 1) + (n/5) * F(n - 5) + (n/10) * F(n - 10)

c. F(n) = F(n - 1)^1 + F(n - 5)^5 + F(n - 10)^10

*d. F(n) = F(n - 1) + F(n - 5) + F(n - 10)

2. (2 points) As above, an ATM can only dispense $1 bills, $5 bills, and $10 bills.  What should F(0) be set to for the correct recurrence from Q1 to work?

a. F(0) can be defined as anything

b. F(0) = 0

*c. F(0) = 1

d. F(0) = -1

3. (2 points) In year one you save $100. Every year thereafter you save $100 more and also you receive 5% interest on what you already had in the bank.

What is the recurrence relation giving your savings after n years?

a. T(1) = 100; T(n) = 1.05 * T(n - 1)

b. T(1) = 100; T(n) = 100 + T(n - 1)

*c. T(1) = 100; T(n) = 100 + 1.05 * T(n - 1)

d. T(1) = 100; T(n) = 100 + 1.05 * T(n)

4. (2 points) What is the big O of the following equation? T(n) = 8T(n / 8) + n

*a. O(n log n)

b. O(n)

c. O(n^(log n))

d. O(n^2)

5. (2 points) What is the big O of the following equation? T(n) = 5T(n / 2) + n^2

a. O(n log n)

b. O(n)

c. O(n^(log n))

*d. O(n^2.32)

6. (2 points) Let f(x) = f(x - 1) + 3, for all positive integers x > 3, and let f(3) = 2. What is f(8)?
a. 14
*b. 17

c. 16
d. 20

f(8) =  f(7)+3

f(7) = f(6)+3

f(6) = f(5)+3

f(5) = f(4)+3

f(4) = f(3)+3

f(3) = 2

So, f(4) = f(3)+3 = 5

f(5) = f(4)+3 = 8

f(6) = f(5)+3 = 11

f(7) = f(6)+3 = 14

f(8) = f(7)+3 = 17

7. (2 points) Suppose n is a positive integer divisible by 3 and f(1)= 4. For the recurrence relation f(n) = 3 f(n/3) + 2, find f(3) and  f(27):

a.  6, 20

*b.  14, 134

c.  12, 132

d.  134, 12

8. (2 points) For the recurrence relation, T(n) = 2T(n/2) + 6n − 1,  use the master theorem give an expression using Big-Theta notation for the runtime, T(n). Assume T(1) = Θ(1).
a. Θ(6n)
b.  Θ(n)
*c. Θ(n log n)
d. Master theorem doesn't apply.

9. (2 points) Use the master theorem to give the runtime for the recurrence T(n) = 2T(n) + 6n − 1
a. Θ(6n)
b.  Θ(n)
c. Θ(n log n)
*d. Master theorem doesn't apply.

10. Let f(n) = 5 * f(n−2) − 4*f(n−4) .

Find f(10) if f(0) = 3,f(1) = 2, f(2) = 6, and f(3) = 8.

*a. 1026

b. 258

c. 324

d. 1284

Solution :

f(10)= 5 * f(8) - 4 * f(6)

f(8)= 5 * f(6) - 4 * f(4)

f(6)= 5 * f(4) - 4 * f(2)

f(4)= 5 * f(2) - 4 * f(0)

f(4) = (5 * 6) - (4 * 3) = 30 - 12 = 18

f(6) = (5 * 18) - (4 * 6) = 90 - 24 = 66

f(8) = (5 * 66) - (4 * 18) = 330 - 72 = 258

f(10) = (5 * 258) - (4 * 66) = 1290 - 264 = 1026

11. Find the solution of f(5) for the given recurrence relation

f(n) = 2 * f(n−1) + 3 * 2^(n-1). Here for all n>0 , f(1) = 3.

a. 144

b. 288

*c. 240

d. 96

Solution :

f(5) = 2 * f(4) + 3 * 2^4

f(4) = 2 * f(3) + 3 * 2^3

f(3) = 2 * f(2) + 3 * 2^2

f(2) = 2 * f(1) + 3 * 2^1

f(2) = 2 * 3 + 3 * 2^1 = 6 + 6 = 12

f(3) = 2 * 12 + 3 * 2^2 = 24 + 12 = 36

f(4) = 2 * 36 + 3 * 2^3 = 72 + 24 = 96

f(5) = 2 * 96 + 3 * 2^4 = 192 + 48 = 240

12. Following is the simultaneous recurrence relations

f(n) = 3*f(n−1) + 2*g(n−1)

g(n) = f(n−1) + 2*g(n−1)

with f(0) = 1 and g(0) = 2. Find the values of f(3) and g(4).

a. 65 , 65

*b. 127 , 257

c. 127 , 65

d. 31 , 65

Solution :

f(3) = 3*f(2) + 2*g(2)                        g(4) = f(3) + 2*g(3)

f(2) = 3*f(1) + 2*g(1)                        g(3) = f(2) + 2*g(2)

f(1) = 3*f(0) + 2*g(0)                        g(2) = f(1) + 2*g(1)

                        g(1) = f(0) + 2*g(0)

f(1) = 3 * 1 + 2 * 2 = 3 + 4 = 7                g(1) = 1 + 2 * 2 = 1 + 4 = 5

f(2) = 3 * 7 + 2 * 5 = 21 + 10= 31        g(2) = 7 + 2 * 5 = 7 + 10 = 17

f(3) = 3*31 + 2*17 =93 + 34=127        g(3) = 31 + 2 * 17 = 31 + 34 = 65

                                                g(4) = 127 + 2 * 65 = 127 + 130 = 257